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Homeopathic Medicine
What Is Homeopathic Medicine?
By Lynne
Eldridge, MD
Medically
reviewed by Doru Paul, MD
Homeopathic medicine or homeopathy is a form of
complementary and alternative
medicine that uses very small amounts of natural substances, which
in higher amounts would cause a disease.
This branch of medicine came into being in the 19th century and was used frequently at the time.
Interestingly, the first studies using homeopathic remedies were
done on healthy volunteers — similar to many clinical trials done today.
While the use of homeopathy has fallen off with the advent of
newer conventional treatments, there are over 2000 substances that have been
utilized as homeopathic treatments.
What exactly is homeopathic medicine, and how is it thought to
work?
We will look at what the studies say about its effectiveness,
how this compares with traditional medical options, and the possible side
effects and risks of these therapies.
The Theory Behind Homeopathic Medicine
The theory behind homeopathic medicine is that "like cures like," and that a substance that causes
an illness in a healthy person might cure those symptoms in someone who is ill.
It's believed by practitioners of homeopathy that a small amount
of the substance which causes a disease will stimulate the body to heal itself.
Though this may sound far-fetched, the theory is somewhat
analogous to the basis of vaccination in modern day medicine; with
immunizations, the exposure to a small amount of a killed or inactivated
microbe can result in protection against developing the disease.
An example would be using a very dilute solution of coffee to
treat insomnia.
Homeopathic medicine is based on the theory that "like
cures like."
The other theory underlying homeopathy is that of potentization.
It's thought by practitioners of homeopathy that the more dilute
an ingredient, the more potent it becomes.
The thought is that diluting and agitating an ingredient
activates the curative powers of the ingredient, thus enhancing its effect.
Potency in homeopathic solutions is indicated by an X or C.
· X: For every dilution, one part of an ingredient is mixed with
two parts water. For example, a 1X potency would be a solution that is one part
ingredient and 9 parts water.
· C: Potency may also be described with a C. A 1C solution refers
to a solution that is one part ingredient and 99 parts water.
Looking at potentization from a scientific standpoint, many
homeopathic remedies may contain very few or no molecules of the ingredient
(for example, in a 30C solution).
Skeptics have described this as the equivalent of dissolving a
tablet of Advil in the ocean and then drinking a few drops.
In response, some proponents of homeopathy claim that the molecules
of ingredient are not what is important, and rather, the dilution process
activates the "vital energy" of the water.
Principles of Homeopathy
There are three main principles behind the practice of
homeopathic medicine:
· The law of similars: The law of similars refers to the
"like cures like" theory noted above.
· The principle of the single remedy: This principle holds that a
single remedy should cover the physical, emotional, and mental symptoms of an
illness combined.
· The principle of the minimum dose: Only a small amount of
substance is first used in a few doses, followed by an infinitesimal amount
over time.
History
Homeopathy was developed by a German physician, Samuel
Hahnemann, in 1807.
He treated himself with a small amount of tree bark (cinchona
bark) that contains the drug quinine used to treat malaria.
When he developed the symptoms of malaria, he came up with his
law of "like cures like;" believing that drugs that cause specific
symptoms can be used to cure the illnesses that cause those symptoms.
Who Prescribes Homeopathic Remedies and Where Are They Available?
Some homeopathic medications are available at health food
stores, whereas others are available only through a naturopathic
doctor or other specialists in integrative medicine.
Scientific Research Looking at Homeopathic Remedies
Results on the effectiveness of homeopathic remedies have been
inconsistent, primarily due to the lack of any widespread regulation of the
practice.
This makes the “dosage” or amount of a homeopathic medicine
present in any particular formulation variable.
A 2016 review of the literature evaluated the study design and
results of studies involving homeopathic remedies to date.
The conclusion was that individualized homeopathy may have small
specific treatment effects.
It's likely that further "evidence-based" studies will
fill in more details on both the safety and efficacy of homeopathic remedies in
the future.
In contrast, a 2017 meta-analysis found that there was no single
clinical medical condition for which there was reliable evidence that
homeopathy was effective.
A large 2018 review of articles published in the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, looked at one
of the more common claims about homeopathic medicines; that they may play a
role in preventing or treating acute respiratory tract infections in children.
According to this review, there was no evidence that these
treatments were effective.
Due to the quality of reporting of possible adverse effects of
homeopathic treatments in the studies reviewed, the researchers were unable to
draw any conclusions about the safety of these treatments.
Homeopathic Medicine and Cancer
As with other medical conditions, the role of homeopathic
remedies for people with cancer is largely unknown.
Animal studies have found that homeopathic remedies — when used
along with conventional therapies — may have an inhibitory effect on cancer and
also reduce symptoms and improve quality of life.
At the current time, however, we don't know if these studies on
animals can be applied to humans, and further research is needed to address
this question.
Frequency of Homeopathic Remedy Use Among Cancer Patients
Whether or not effective, the use of homeopathy is common among
people with cancer.
A 2019 study looked at the use of complementary and alternative
medicine among cancer patients at a single institution.
Of the different forms used (including osteopathy, homeopathy,
acupuncture, healing touch, magnetism, Chinese medicine, and more), homeopathy
was the second most commonly used modality, used by 39% of those who
questioned.
For the majority of people, these treatments were used primarily
to prevent or treat the side effects of conventional cancer treatments, however
a small number of people used homeopathic remedies to improve their immune
system or to treat cancer directly.
Potential Benefits of Homeopathy
A 2018 study looked at the feasibility of homeopathy to help
control symptoms in an integrative cancer treatment program.
Of 124 patients, 75 percent found homeopathic remedies to have a
beneficial effect.
Benefit was more commonly reported among women, those with
breast cancer, and people coping with either chemotherapy-related
peripheral neuropathy or hot flashes.
Side Effects and Safety of Homeopathic Medicine
Homeopathic
remedies generally have a reasonable safety profile since only a
small amount of an active substance is used in high dilution.
Individuals who are pregnant or receiving treatment for a
serious medical condition should talk with their physicians before using these
remedies, as well as any other form of alternative medical care.
The Danger of Homeopathic Medicine
It is extremely important to point out that homeopathic remedies do not replace the need for conventional
medicine for most medical conditions.
For example, with regard to cancer treatment, there is no evidence that these substances have any effect
whatsoever.
If homeopathic remedies are used instead of
traditional treatments that have been found to be effective in well-designed
clinical studies, these remedies have the potential to increase rather than
improve pain and suffering.
While many of these treatments are unlikely to be detrimental
when combined with conventional treatments, it is important to talk to your
doctor about any and all homeopathic or nutritional supplements you wish to
use.
We do know that some vitamin
and mineral supplements may interfere with cancer treatments such
as chemotherapy or radiation therapy.
Contrast With Conventional Medicine
Homeopathic medicine differs from allopathic
medicine (or mainstream, traditional, or conventional
medicine) which uses agents (medicines, chemotherapy, surgery, etc.) that
produce a different effect than the disease.
A relatively new approach in medicine has been using a
combination of conventional therapies to treat a disease and alternative
practices to help control symptoms.
This is now referred to as integrative medicine.
What Conventional Medicine Can Learn From Homeopathy
While the homeopathic remedies prescribed have not found to be
helpful for any disease, practitioners do offer a service that is currently
lacking in conventional medical care: time and listening.
A visit with a homeopathic provider may last for an hour or
more, compared with the brief visits with many alllopathic physicians.
The opportunity to have someone listen to concerns in an
empathic manner can't be understated.
And while any improvement in symptoms is often dismissed as
simply the placebo effect we are learning that the placebo effect may actually
have a physiological basis at times; with chemical changes such as a release of
endorphins (the body's natural painkillers) and even brain scans demonstrating
objective changes.
Homeopathic providers may also take more time to discuss healthy
lifestyle practices.
Lynne
Eldridge,
MD
Physician,
Award-Winning Author
Expertise
Cancer
Education
Stanford
University, Bethel University, University of Minnesota Medical School
Highlights
Physician
and international speaker on cancer, the environment, and nutrition
Award-winning
author of "Avoiding
Cancer One Day at a Time"
Passionate
educator and advocate involved with various organizations and communities
If
you have recently been diagnosed, are living with, or have someone close to you
who has cancer, you have come to the right place. Having a basic understanding
of your cancer, knowing some questions to ask, and gaining some tips on
empowering yourself in your journey, will hopefully make this difficult time a
bit easier to navigate."
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