Puricare Industrial Enterprises: Streams

Showing posts with label Streams. Show all posts

Friday, March 19, 2021

VERNAL POOLS - April showers bring May flowers – and vernal pools, if you live in California or Southern Oregon. Vernal pools are seasonal depressional wetlands that fill up with rainwater during winter and spring, but may be dry for part of the year. They are typically found on the West Coast, especially in California and Southern Oregon, but can also be found in parts of the Northeast and Midwest. Western vernal pools often occur within “vernal pool landscapes” where swales connect vernal pools to each other and to seasonal streams. Vernal pools vary in size from 1 square meter to more than 2 acres. Western vernal pools can connect to other pools and streams that flow seasonally or only after rain. Multiple studies show that California vernal pools fill with water and flow into these channels, sending water downstream during many days of the year. These connections can impact the base flow of downstream waters, altering their physical characteristics. Western vernal pools are also hot spots of biodiversity, with native plant and animal species some of which can only be found in vernal pool habitats. In a study of vernal pools, 17 out of 67 species were only found in one of the surveyed ponds. In turn, these plants and animals provide food and habitat for shorebirds and waterfowl. Vernal pools, like other depressional wetlands, can also help to store and slow floodwaters.

.....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................

Vernal Pools

What Are Vernal Pools and How Do They Help Clean Water

American Rivers

April showers bring May flowers – and vernal pools, if you live in California or Southern Oregon.

Vernal pools are seasonal depressional wetlands that fill up with rainwater during winter and spring, but may be dry for part of the year.

They are typically found on the West Coast, especially in California and Southern Oregon, but can also be found in parts of the Northeast and Midwest.

Western vernal pools often occur within “vernal pool landscapes” where swales connect vernal pools to each other and to seasonal streams.

Vernal pools vary in size from 1 square meter to more than 2 acres.

Why Care About Western Vernal Pools?

Western vernal pools can connect to other pools and streams that flow seasonally or only after rain.

Multiple studies [PDF] show that California vernal pools fill with water and flow into these channels [PDF], sending water downstream during many days of the year.

These connections can impact the base flow of downstream waters, altering their physical characteristics.

Western vernal pools are also hot spots of biodiversity, with native plant and animal species some of which can only be found in vernal pool habitats.

In a study of vernal pools, 17 out of 67 species [PDF] were only found in one of the surveyed ponds.

In turn, these plants and animals provide food and habitat for shorebirds and waterfowl.

Vernal pools, like other depressional wetlands, can also help to store and slow floodwaters.

Are They Protected Under The Clean Water Act?

Right now, it’s unlikely that vernal pools would currently be protected under the Clean Water Act.

The proposed Clean Water Rule acknowledges these connections and sets up a process where similar “other waters” that lie outside of the floodplain can be protected under the Clean Water Act.

These waters collectively with other similar waters must demonstrate a significant connection to downstream waters, meaning that those waters have a more than speculative impact on the chemical, physical, and biological integrity of downstream protected waters.

Although playa lakes aren’t categorically protected right now under the draft rule, the EPA and the Army Corps are looking for input about whether they should be.

Life needs rivers.

It’s not just that rivers make our lives better. We can’t survive without them.

American Rivers works to create a future of clean water and healthy rivers everywhere, for everyone.

American Rivers believes a future of clean water and healthy rivers everywhere, for everyone is essential. Since 1973, we have protected wild rivers, restored damaged rivers and conserved clean water for people and nature. With headquarters in Washington, D.C. and 300,000 supporters, members and volunteers across the country, we are the most trusted and influential river conservation organization in the United States, delivering solutions for a better future.

https://www.americanrivers.org/rivers/discover-your-river/vernal-pools/

Saturday, January 23, 2021

The Water Cycle - What is the Water Cycle - The water does not just magically appear in either place; it is a long process. One of the most interesting things about water is that there is not really a beginning or an end to that process - there is what is referred to as ‘the water cycle’ and it points to the fact that the water we have today is the same water that we have been using since the dawn of ages, it just keeps getting recycled. Let’s inject ourselves in to a part of the cycle that seems like a good starting point – rain. Rain water falls from the clouds, landing on our backyards, roof tops, roads, lakes, and rivers (and everything else). Here water can settle into the landscape (infiltration) or it can wash away (run-off). The water that is absorbed by the landscape works its way down through layers of leaves, dirt and rock until it runs into the water table or ground water (also called an aquifer). The water that washes away follows gravity down hills, into water drains picking up speed and debris as it goes; this water ends up washing into our streams and creeks causing them to fill up and flow faster. Our creeks start as small trickles that bubble up from the water table at a point called a ‘spring’. These trickles of water come together as they head downhill to the ocean with each merger they increase the amount of water that runs in them and they become creeks, streams, and rivers. This inner connection of hundreds or thousands of creeks, streams and rivers is called a watershed.

Water Cycle shows that all of our water is connected.

The Water Cycle

What is the Water Cycle

American Rivers

Where does our water come from?

And how did it get there?

For some folks the answer is the grocery store (and Fiji) but for most of us the answer is that it flows out of the tap when we turn it on.

Though the reality is that the water does not just magically appear in either place; it is a long process.

One of the most interesting things about water is that there is not really a beginning or an end to that process - there is what is referred to as ‘the water cycle’ and it points to the fact that the water we have today is the same water that we have been using since the dawn of ages, it just keeps getting recycled.

How the Water Cycle Works

Let’s inject ourselves in to a part of the cycle that seems like a good starting point – rain.

Rain water falls from the clouds, landing on our backyards, roof tops, roads, lakes, and rivers (and everything else).

Here water has two choices: it can settle into the landscape (infiltration) or it can wash away (run-off).

The water that is absorbed by the landscape works its way down through layers of leaves, dirt and rock until it runs into the water table or ground water (also called an aquifer).

The water that washes away follows gravity down hills, into water drains picking up speed and debris (leaves, trash, dirt, pet waste) as it goes; this water ends up washing into our streams and creeks causing them to fill up and flow faster.

But, where did that creek come from?

Our creeks start as small trickles that bubble up from the water table at a point called a ‘spring’.

These trickles of water come together as they head downhill to the ocean with each merger they increase the amount of water that runs in them and they become creeks, streams, and rivers.

This inner connection of hundreds or thousands of creeks, streams and rivers is called a watershed.

The water that flows in the Mississippi River (the largest river watershed in the country) past New Orleans could have started near Pittsburg, PA in the Ohio River or Bismarck, ND in the Missouri River or Oklahoma City, OK in the South Canadian River.

Everyone that lives in our watersheds needs some of that water to be clean enough to drink so they can live.

Some people, businesses, farmers, and towns use wells (holes drilled deep into the ground) to pull water from the underground water table.

This water is cleaned up as is filters its way down through the dirt, rock and clay of the earth’s crust.

It is critical for that water supply that there are areas that are clean and open enough for water to be able to be absorbed into the ground and that the ground that the water is moving through is clean.

Other communities use water pulled directly from our rivers for their drinking water.

In this case it is critical that the water that is washed into those creeks, streams, and rivers or that bubbles up from springs is as clean as possible before being pulled from the river.

Once a community system pulls that water from a river (and in some cases a well), the water is treated to federal and state required purity levels before being pumped and piped to our houses as clean drinking water.

It is only at this point that the water is able to come out of your tap when you turn the faucet on.

About American Rivers

The mission of American Rivers is to protect wild rivers, restore damaged rivers and conserve clean water for people and nature.

We combine national advocacy with field work in key river basins to deliver the greatest impact. We are practical problem-solvers with positions informed by science. We build partnerships and work closely with local river advocates, business and agriculture interests, recreation groups and others to forge win-win solutions. And with our expertise, outreach, and additional grants, we deliver the highest return on investment.

https://www.americanrivers.org/rivers/discover-your-river/what-is-the-water-cycle/

You might also like:

The Atmosphere and Weather are Essential to the Water Cycle