The Definition of a Robot
Science
fiction has become science fact with robots and robotics
A robot can be defined as a programmable,
self-controlled device consisting of electronic, electrical, or mechanical
units.
More generally, it is a machine that
functions in place of a living agent.
Robots are especially desirable for certain
work functions because, unlike humans, they never get tired; they can endure
physical conditions that are uncomfortable or even dangerous; they can operate
in airless conditions; they do not get bored by repetition, and they cannot be
distracted from the task at hand.
The concept of robots is a very old one yet
the actual word robot was invented in the 20th century from the Czechoslovakian word robota or robotnik
meaning slave, servant, or forced labor.
Robots don't have to look or act like
humans but they do need to be flexible so they can perform different tasks.
Early industrial robots handled
radioactive material in atomic labs and were called master/slave manipulators.
They were connected together with
mechanical linkages and steel cables. Remote arm manipulators can now be moved
by push buttons, switches or joysticks.
Current robots have advanced sensory
systems that process information and appear to function as if they have brains.
Their "brain" is actually a form
of computerized artificial intelligence (AI).
AI allows a robot to perceive conditions
and decide upon a course of action based on those conditions.
Components of Robots
· Effectors
— "arms", "legs", "hands", "feet"
· Sensors
— parts that act like senses and can detect objects or things like heat and
light and convert the object information into symbols that computers understand
· Computer
— the brain that contains instructions called algorithms to control the robot
· Equipment
— this includes tools and mechanical fixtures
Characteristics that make robots different
from regular machinery are that robots usually function by themselves, are
sensitive to their environment, adapt to variations in the environment or to
errors in prior performance, are task oriented and often have the ability to
try different methods to accomplish a task.
Common industrial
robots are generally heavy rigid devices limited to
manufacturing.
They operate in precisely structured
environments and perform single highly repetitive tasks under pre-programmed
control.
There were an estimated 720,000 industrial
robots in 1998.
Tele-operated robots are used in
semi-structured environments such as undersea and nuclear facilities.
They perform non-repetitive tasks and have limited real-time control.
Mary Bellis
New
York-based film producer and director
Singled
out by Forbes magazine for her writing on inventors.
Known
in art and independent film circles by the name CalmX
Creator
of computer-generated art
Experience
Mary
Bellis was a former writer for ThoughtCo, where she covered inventors for 18
years. She was a freelance writer, film producer, and director. In
addition, Forbes Best of the Web credited her for creating the number one
online destination for information about inventors and inventions. Her
writing has been reprinted and referenced in numerous educational books and
articles. She was known for her short independent films and
documentaries, including one on Alexander Graham Bell. She specialized in
making and exhibiting computer-generated art, while working as an animator,
journalist and an independent video game developer. She died on March 28,
2015.
Education
Mary
Bellis held a Master of Fine Arts in film and animation from the San
Francisco Art Institute.
ThoughtCo and Dotdash
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https://www.thoughtco.com/definition-of-a-robot-1992364
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