Puricare Industrial Enterprises

Sunday, January 28, 2018

WHEEL WIDENING - The Dangers of Wheel Widening - Reputable wheels shops will often show the car owner why it makes more sense to simply buy new wheels. The cost of having your existing wheels customized is somewhat less than buying new, wider wheels, but the dangers of the practice are well documented and simply not worth the risk.

Wheel Widening

The Dangers of Wheel

Widening

By Sean Phillips

Custom car shops and wheel works stores often receive calls or visits from customers who ask if the current steel or alloy wheels can be widened to allow them to equip the car with wider tires.

This is a highly controversial practice.

There are tire and wheel shops who routinely offer this service, and customers often make use of this practice as a means to save money over buying new wheels at the width they want.

Other wheel shops, though, will flat out refuse to even consider this practice, for reasons that are quite logical.

And yet, some car owners not only insist on having this done but may even consider doing it themselves with home welding tools.

Before you consider having this done to your original equipment (OE) wheels, it's best to consider the possible dangers.

How Wheels Are Widened

When a factory wheel is widened to accept a wider tire, the process involves sawing the wheels in half parallel to the barrel and then welding in a piece of metal between the two halves.

In other words, the joint between the two edges is simply pressed together with no lateral support at all.

Such a configuration might be enough to hold air on a show car that never gets driven anywhere, but many experts believe that any real road impact could destroy a wheel modified in this way.

Why Wheel Widening Is Dangerous

Car owners, in their zeal to modify a beloved automobile on the cheap, neglect to consider why this wheel widening is a bad idea.

In some cases, a car's wheel well might simply be too narrow to accept a wider tire without scraping against the suspension.

More to the point, though, is the fact that the kind of welded joint used to widen wheels may have good lateral strength but very weak sheer strength.

Its ability to resist the kind of common stress applied at a 90-degree angle to the weld—such as hitting a pothole or a manhole cover—is very, very low.

The resulting failure of the weld will cause the tire to deflate instantaneously and can potentially kill you or someone else.

Buying New Wheels Is the Better Option

Reputable wheels shops will often show the car owner why it makes more sense to simply buy new wheels.

The cost of having your existing wheels customized is somewhat less than buying new, wider wheels, but the dangers of the practice are well documented and simply not worth the risk.

If these very good arguments don't convince you, and you remain determined to save money at the expense of safety, make sure to consult a shop that has long experience with the practice and a willingness to guarantee their work.

And under no circumstances should you attempt this yourself in a home workshop.

Sean Phillips is the Operations Manager at Rim and Wheel Works, a family-operated wheel and tire repair shop located in Waltham, Massachusetts.

Experience

Sean has been straightening, refinishing, welding and replacing wheels for more than a decade, making him one of the most experienced wheel repair specialists in the world. He has repaired thousands of wheels, sold thousands of tires, and trained multiple wheel straighteners and tire technicians. As a skier and Colorado native, he has a particular interest and expertise in snow tires and winter driving.

Sean Phillips

“At Rim and Wheel Works, our focus is on all kinds of drivers; the daily driver, the enthusiast, and those that want their ‘bling.’ I myself am less of a journalist and more of a hands-on repair guy, and that is the kind of focus and perspective I intend to bring to About.com Tires and Wheels. Tires and wheels tend to be things you don’t really think about until you have to. I think about them every day. Our customers appreciate our honest, no-nonsense advice and that we go out of our way to save them money, and I hope my readers will appreciate that as well.”

https://www.thoughtco.com/widening-wheels-is-dangerous-3971045

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Friday, January 26, 2018

GRAPHENE - Carbon is very special. It can form diamond and graphite—even though the former is super hard and the latter is quite soft. Graphene is another form of carbon material - this time a single layer of graphite. It has very useful electrical, thermal, and physical properties. Its applications include replacing silicon in areas like electronic devices.

Graphene

Seeing God’s Handiwork and Care in Chemistry

by Avery Foley

God’s creation is filled with amazing design.

Often when we think of design, we immediately picture hummingbirds, butterflies, or the human body.

But God’s design can be seen in the obvious and the not so obvious.

Have you ever stopped to consider how even chemistry showcases God’s handiwork, creativity, and care for his creation?

Graphene, the “Wonder Material”

Carbon, the sixth element on the periodic table, is considered “King of the Elements.”

It appears in three major forms in nature. One of these forms, diamond, is transparent and the hardest known material while another form, graphite, is black and very soft.

Carbon is essential to life.

In 2002 researchers at the University of Manchester isolated graphene, an ultra-thin sheet of carbon atoms, by peeling off layers of graphite with tape until they had a layer just one atom thick.

Now the strongest material known to man, this “wonder material” is pliable, strong, and conductive.

Professor Stuart Burgess, a professor and gifted design engineer at the University of Bristol in the UK (and a biblical creationist), says this of carbon and graphene,

Carbon is very special. It can form diamond and graphite—even though the former is super hard and the latter is quite soft.

Graphene is another form of carbon material - this time a single layer of graphite.

It has very useful electrical, thermal, and physical properties. Its applications include replacing silicon in areas like electronic devices.

It is truly remarkable how God can design carbon to do such diverse things by simply changing the type of bond connections in the structure!

Some of the things we see as simple in creation—like water (H₂O) and carbon (C) - are actually profound Designer materials [materials that bear hallmarks of having been formed for a purpose by a Designer] that have remarkable properties that are useful to man.

Graphene and Seawater

Providing clean water to those around the world is a challenge many engineers are seeking to solve.

Theoretically the oceans are an endless source of water—except, of course, for the problem that it’s not drinkable.

But researchers in the UK recently announced that they’ve developed a sieve using a compound called graphene oxide to filter seawater.

Previous attempts have been unsuccessful because the graphene oxide swelled in the water, allowing particles to go through.

But researchers now say they can control the size and expansion of the pores by using an epoxy resin coat over the graphene oxide membrane.

This allows salt, and other impurities, to be filtered out, leaving fresh drinking water.

While this energy-efficient method still needs further research and development before it can be used, it’s an exciting prospect that will perhaps allow millions to access fresh water.

God’s Care for Creation

God’s design and care for his creation can be seen everywhere we look.

The more we study what he has made, the more we realize that he has put his fingerprints on everything from small molecules to blue whales.

Our world truly is a designer world. It should cause us to say, along with the psalmist,

When I look at your heavens, the work of your fingers, the moon and the stars, which you have set in place, what is man that you are mindful of him, and the son of man that you care for him? (Psalm 8:3–4)

Avery Foley is a writer for Answers in Genesis from Ontario, Canada. She holds a masters of arts in theological studies from Liberty Baptist Theological Seminary.

https://answersingenesis.org/chemistry/graphene-seeing-gods-handiwork-and-care-chemistry/

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Tuesday, January 23, 2018

THE COLOR OF THE SUN - Although you might think the sun is yellow, it's actually white, with peak wavelength in the green part of the spectrum. The reason the sun appears yellow during the day from Earth, or orange to red at sunrise and sunset, is because we view our favorite star through the filter of the atmosphere. This is one of the tricky ways in which light and our eyes change the way we perceive colors, as is the case with the so-called impossible colors.

The Color Of The Sun

Although you might think the sun is yellow, it's actually white,
with peak wavelength in the green part of the spectrum.

Why Is the Sun Yellow?

What Color Is the Sun?

No, It's Not Yellow!

by Anne Marie Helmenstine, Ph.D.

If you ask a random person to tell you what color the sun is, chances are he will look at you like you're an idiot and tell you the sun is yellow.

Would you be surprised to learn the sun is not yellow? It's actually white.

If you were to view the sun from the International Space Station or the moon, you'd see its true color.

Check space photos online. See the true color of the sun?

The reason the sun appears yellow during the day from Earth, or orange to red at sunrise and sunset, is because we view our favorite star through the filter of the atmosphere.

This is one of the tricky ways in which light and our eyes change the way we perceive colors, as is the case with the so-called impossible colors.

The True Color of the Sun

If you view sunlight through a prism, you can see the entire range of wavelengths of light.

Another example of the visible portion of the solar spectrum is seen in the rainbow.

Sunlight isn't a single color of light, but a combination of the emission spectra of all the elements in the star.

All of the wavelengths combine to form white light, which is the net color of the sun.

The sun emits different amounts of various wavelengths.

If you measure them, the peak output in the visible range is actually in the green portion of the spectrum (not yellow).

However, visible light isn't the only radiation emitted by the sun. There's also blackbody radiation.

The average of the solar spectrum is a color, which indicates the temperature of the sun and other stars.

Our sun averages about 5,800 Kelvin, which appears nearly white.

Out of the brightest stars in the sky, Rigel appears blue and has a temperature exceeding 100,000K, while Betelguese has a cooler temperature of 35,00K and appears red.

How the Atmosphere Affects Solar Color

The atmosphere changes the apparent color of the sun by scattering light.

The effect is called Rayleigh scattering.

As violet and blue light gets scattered away, the average visible wavelength or "color" of the sun shifts toward red, but the light isn't entirely lost.

The scattering of short wavelengths of light by molecules in the atmosphere is what gives the sky its blue color.

When viewed through the thicker layer of atmosphere at sunrise and sunset, the sun appears more orange or red.

When viewed through the thinnest layer of air at midday, the sun appears closest to its true color, yet still has a yellow tint.

Smoke and smog also scatter light and can make the sun appear more orange or red (less blue).

The same effect also makes the moon appear more orange or red when it is close to the horizon, but more yellow or white when it is high in the sky.

Why Pictures of the Sun Look Yellow

If you view a NASA photo of the sun, or a photo taken from any telescope, you're usually viewing a false color image.

Often, the color that is chosen for the image is yellow because it's familiar.

Sometimes photos taken through green filters are left as-is because the human eye is most sensitive to green light and can readily distinguish detail.

If you use a neutral density filter to observe the sun from Earth, either as a protective filter for a telescope or so you can observe a total solar eclipse, the sun will appear yellow because you're reducing the amount of light that reaches your eyes, but not changing the wavelength.

Yet, if you used that same filter in space and didn't correct the image to make it "prettier", you'd see a white sun.