BITUMEN - Bitumen is the binding material present in asphalt. Sometimes it is also known as mineral tar. Bitumen is produced by partial distillation of crude petroleum. It is chemically a hydrocarbon and insoluble in water. But it totally dissolves in alkalis, alkaline carbonates, benzol, chloroform, bisulphide, naphtha, coal tar, petroleum spirit and oil of turpentine. It is obtained from 87% carbon, 11% hydrogen and 2% oxygen (By weight). The bitumen is produced in solid or semi-solid state and black or brown in color. Bitumen emulsion is a liquid compound which contains a large amount of bitumen in aqueous medium. Cut-back bitumen is produced by fluxing asphaltic bitumen in presence of some liquid distillates of petroleum or coal tar. Blown bitumen is a special form of bitumen produced by passing air under pressure at a higher temperature. Plastic bitumen can be used for filling cracks in masonry structures, stopping leakages etc.

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Bitumen

What Is Bitumen And Its Uses

Daily Civil

Bitumen is the binding material present in asphalt. Sometimes it is also known as mineral tar.

Bitumen is produced by partial distillation of crude petroleum.

It is chemically a hydrocarbon and insoluble in water. But it totally dissolves in alkalies, alkaline carbonates, benzol, chloroform, bisulphide, naptha, coal tar, petroleum spirit and oil of turpentine.

It is obtained from 87% carbon, 11% hydrogen and 2% oxygen (By weight). The bitumen is produced in solid or semi-solid state and black or brown in color.

Forms Of Bitumen:

The general forms of bitumen are as following

1. Bitumen Emulsion:

It is a liquid compound which contains a large amount of bitumen in aqueous medium. It is suspended by some appropriate stabilizing agents in the aqueous medium.

2. Cut-back Bitumen:

    This form of bitumen is produced by fluxing asphaltic bitumen in presence of some liquid distillates of petroleum or coal tar. Cut-back bitumen can be used as bitumen paint in cold.

3. Blown Bitumen:

It is a special form of bitumen produced by passing air under pressure at a higher temperature. This type of bitumen can be used as heat insulating material, roofing and damp-proofing felts, producing asphalt pipe and joint fillers etc.

4. Plastic Bitumen:

It comprises of bitumen thinner and appropriate inert filler (40%-45%). Plastic bitumen can be used for filling cracks in masonry structures, stopping leakages etc.

5. Straight run Bitumen:

This type of bitumen is obtained by distillation of the bitumen to a definite viscosity or penetration without further treatment:

Application Of Bitumen:

Road Construction.

Hydraulics & erosion control Catchment areas, basins.

Dam groutings,

Dam linings,

Embankment protection

Dam linings,

Embankment protection

Ditch linings,  Reservoir linings

Reservoir linings

Jetties, Dyke protection

Dyke protection

Swimming pools

Waste ponds

Water barriers

Mattresses for levee & bank protection

Membrane linings,

Waterproofing

Revetments

Sand dune stabilization,

Drainage gutters,

Backed felts

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