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Your Home’s Plumbing System
Plumbing Basics
BY FIX-IT CLUB
Plumbing follows the basic laws of
nature – gravity, pressure, water seeking its own level.
Knowing this, you can
understand its "mysteries" and make dozens of fixes to your home's
plumbing system. You can save yourself time, trouble, and money!
The plumbing system in your home is composed of two
separate subsystems. One subsystem brings freshwater in, and the other takes
wastewater out.
The water that comes into your home is under pressure.
It enters your home under enough pressure to allow it to travel upstairs,
around corners, or wherever else it's needed.
As water comes into your home, it passes through a
meter that registers the amount you use. The main water shutoff, or stop, valve
is typically located close to the meter.
In a plumbing emergency, it's vital that you quickly
close the main shutoff valve. Otherwise, when a pipe bursts, it can flood your
house in no time.
If the emergency is confined to a sink, tub, or
toilet, however, you may not want to turn off your entire water supply.
Therefore, most fixtures should have individual stop valves.
Water from the main supply is immediately ready for
your cold water needs. The hot water supply, however, requires another step.
One pipe carries water from the cold water system to your water heater.
From the heater, a hot water line carries the heated
water to all the fixtures, out-lets, and appliances that require hot water.
A thermostat on the heater maintains the temperature
you select by turning the device's heating elements on and off as required.
The normal temperature setting for a home water heater
is between 140 degrees F and 160 degrees F, but 120 degrees F is usually
adequate and is also more economical.
Some automatic dishwashers require higher
temperature water, though many of these have a water heater within them that
boosts the temperature another 20 degrees F.
Drainage Systems
Whether your home is on a sewer
or septic system, the systems within your home are essentially the same.
Drainage systems do not depend on pressure, as supply
systems do. Instead, waste matter leaves your house because the drainage pipes
all pitch, or angle, downward.
Gravity pulls the waste along. The sewer line
continues this downward flow to a sewage treatment facility or a septic tank.
While the system sounds simple, there's more to it,
including vents, traps, and clean outs.
The vents sticking up from the roof of your house
allow air to enter the drainpipes.
If there were no air supply coming from the vents,
wastewater would not flow out properly and the water in the traps would need to
be siphoned away.
Traps are vital components of the drainage system. You
can see a trap under every sink. It is the curved or S-shape section of pipe
under a drain.
Water flows from the basin with enough force to go
through the trap and out through the drainpipe, but enough water stays in the
trap afterward to form a seal that prevents sewer gas from backing up into your
home.
Every fixture must have a trap. Toilets are
self-trapped and don't require an additional trap at the drain.
Bathtubs frequently have drum traps, not only to form
a seal against sewer gas but also to collect hair and dirt in order to prevent
clogged drains.
Some kitchen sinks have grease traps to collect grease
that might otherwise cause clogging.
Because grease and hair are generally the causes of
drain clogs, traps often have clean-out plugs that give you easier access to
remove or break up any blockage.
Since a drainage system involves all of these
components, it is usually referred to as the DWV: the drain-waste-vent system.
If water is to flow out freely and waste is to exit
properly, all components of the DWV must be present and in good working order.
Examine the pipes in the basement or crawl space under
your house to help you understand the system better.
Supply and Drainage Subsystems
The supply and drainage
subsystems are two distinct operations, with no overlapping between them.
There are bridges between the two, however, and the
bridges are what make the plumbing system worth having.
In plumbing jargon, any bridge between the supply and
drainage systems is a fixture.
Toilets, sinks, and tubs are fixtures. In addition, an
outside faucet is a fixture and so is a washing machine. All devices that draw
freshwater and discharge wastewater are fixtures, and all are designed to keep
the supply and drainage systems strictly segregated.
Some fixtures have individual supply shutoff valves so
you don't need to close the main shutoff to repair them.
It's a good idea to make sure everyone in the family
knows the location of the main shutoff valve in your house as well as how to
use it.
You may want to tag the main shutoff valve so anyone
can easily find it.
Before you embark on any plumbing repairs, always turn
off the water supply to the fixture or the main shutoff.
In addition, check with your local plumbing code
official before you add or change any pipe in your house.
You will learn what is allowed and what is prohibited
and whether or not a homeowner is allowed to do his or her own work.
If you get the green light, you can save yourself a
lot of money by doing your own repairs.
https://home.howstuffworks.com/home-improvement/plumbing/plumbing-basics-ga.htm
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Contact us at
π±0949-838-8218
π±0933-875-4415
π±0905-752-4336π (033)5196057
π±0949-838-8218
π±0933-875-4415
π±0905-752-4336π (033)5196057
Our store is located at
Vice President Fernando Lopez Avenue, Aganan, Pavia, Iloilo (in front of 7/11 Convenience Store)
Vice President Fernando Lopez Avenue, Aganan, Pavia, Iloilo (in front of 7/11 Convenience Store)
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We also install, sell and offer the following services:
- WATER TREATMENT SYSTEMS: Residential, Commercial, Industrial
- WASTE WATER TREATMENT SYSTEM
- WATER PUMPS, CONTROLLERS, SENSORS
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- PRESSURE TANKS - Bladder- Diaphragm
- uPVC PIPES & FITTINGS: Blue, Sanitary, Electrical
- BI PIPES & FITTINGS: Megafusion, Belden, Lamco
- FIREFLY, ROYU, SASSIN LIGHTING & ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
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...Aganan, Pavia, Iloilo, Philippines...
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