What
is water dowsing?
Water
dowsing has been a subject of discussion and controversy for hundreds, if not
thousands, of years.
"Water
dowsing" refers in general to the practice of using a forked stick, rod,
pendulum, or similar device to locate underground water, minerals, or other
hidden or lost substances.
Although
tools and methods vary widely, most dowsers (also called diviners or water
witches) probably still use the traditional forked stick, which may come from a
variety of trees, including the willow, peach, and witch hazel.
Other
dowsers may use keys, wire coat hangers, pliers, wire rods, pendulums, or
various kinds of elaborate boxes and electrical instruments.
In
the classic method of using a forked stick, one fork is held in each hand with
the palms upward. The bottom or butt end of the "Y" is pointed
skyward at an angle of about 45 degrees.
The
dowser then walks back and forth over the area to be tested. When he passes
over a source of water, the butt end of the stick is supposed to rotate or be
attracted downward.
Water
dowsers practice mainly in rural or suburban communities where residents are
uncertain as to how to locate the best and cheapest supply of groundwater.
Because
the drilling and development of a well often costs more than a thousand
dollars, homeowners are understandably reluctant to gamble on a dry hole and
turn to the water dowser for advice.
How
did water dowsing begin?
Cave
paintings in northwestern Africa that are 6,000-8,000 years old are believed to
show a water dowser at work. The exact origin of the divining rod in Europe is
not known.
The
device was introduced into England during the reign of Elizabeth I (1558-1603)
to locate mineral deposits, and soon afterward it was adopted as a water finder
throughout Europe.
Water
dowsing seems to be a mainly European cultural phenomenon. It was carried
across the Atlantic to America by some of the earliest settlers from England
and Germany.
What
does science say about dowsing?
Case
histories and demonstrations of dowsers may seem convincing, but when dowsing
is exposed to scientific examination, it presents a very different picture.
The
natural explanation of "successful" water dowsing is that in many
areas underground water is so prevalent close to the land surface that it would
be hard to drill a well and not find water.
In
a region of adequate rainfall and favorable geology, it is difficult not to
drill and find water!
Some
water exists under the Earth's surface almost everywhere. This explains why
many dowsers appear to be successful.
To
locate groundwater accurately, however, as to depth, quantity, and quality, a
number of techniques must be used.
Hydrologic,
geologic, and geophysical knowledge is needed to determine the depths and
extent of the different water-bearing strata and the quantity and quality of
water found in each.
The
area must be thoroughly tested and studied to determine these facts.
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