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Factors Affecting Solid Waste
Management System
By: Haseeb Jamal
Following are the factors affecting solid waste management
system, its design, development, and operation:
1.
Institutional
Factors
2.
Social Factors
3.
Financial Factors
4.
Economic Factors
5.
Technical Factors
6.
Environmental
Factors
Institutional Factors
Institutional factors affecting solid waste management system involve law
and policies that allow the government to effectively implement an Integrated
Solid Waste Management. Steps that can be taken in this regard include:
· Establish a
national and/or provincial policy and pass laws on SWM standards and practices.
· Identify the roles
and responsibilities for each level of government.
· Ensure that the
local governments have the authority and resources to implement an ISWM plan.
Social Factors
Social factors affecting solid waste management
system involve local customs and cultural/religious practices which can
generally be affected or altered by sustained public education campaigns.
The knowledge of these factors can determine how the waste
is generated and disposed.
The local government must ensure citizen participation in
all phases of management planning to help gain community awareness, input and
acceptance.
Financial Factors
This the most important factor to consider while
implementing an ISWM plan.
The source(s) of funds must be identified and/or created
to help finance the SWM plan.
In this regard, the local government should identify the
sources that can provide funding for SWM, including general revenues or user
fees, the private sector, and government and international agency grants and
loans etc.
Economic Factors
Economic factors affecting solid waste management system
should be differentiated from the above, as these include the financial (more
precisely, economical) output of the ISWM plans, for example, the jobs
creation, enhancement of public trade and tourism, and political mileage etc.
In order to evaluate these factors, the local government
must calculate the initial capital investment requirements and long term
operating and maintenance costs associated with the various waste management
activities.
In addition, they must evaluate the public’s ability and
willingness to pay for the services and evaluate activities based on
effectiveness in handling waste potential for job creation.
Technical Factors
These factors include determination of equipment and
facilities required for the implementation of the ISWM plan and more
importantly, the locations where these equipment and facilities will be kept.
The determination of these factors will depend on
geological factors, transport distances and projected waste generation, which
will then become basis for siting and design of various equipment and
facilities.
Environmental Factors
Every ISWM plan has a deep impact on the natural
resources, human health and the environment in general.
All SWM activities such as landfilling or
combustion must take into account the environmental cost of these activities
and strive to minimize their effects on human health and natural resources of
the area.
In this regard, the local government must establish
procedures to verify the protection of groundwater and drinking water, and
monitor compliance with the national standards to ensure that human health
risks are minimized.
Haseeb
Jamal. I am a Civil Engineer,
graduated from University
of Engineering and Technology, Peshawar, Pakistan in 2010. I also
have a PG-Diploma in Disaster Management and
MS in Urban
Infrastructure Engineering (In Progress). My expertise include civil
related softwares like AutoCAD,
SAP2000, MS Project, Primavera, MS Office and GIS. My technical skills include
project management, monitoring and evaluation, structural assessment, disaster
risk management, Quantity survey, land survey, material testing, site
management and technical writing. I am trained in writing project progress
reports as well as proposals and concept papers. I have also received advanced
training on surveying, proposal writing, Monitoring and Evaluation of projects
as well as organizations.
I have worked as Project
Engineer at National Research and Development Foundation, Peshawar and
CENCON Associates. I also worked with Spectra Engineering Solutions as Senior
Civil Engineer in monitoring of World Bank and UNDP funded projects all
over Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and FATA. Currently, I am working as Deputy
Manager Development at NayaTel, Peshawar.
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