Rain Water
Can You Drink Rain Water?
By Anne Marie
Helmenstine, Ph.D.
Have you ever wondered
whether or not it's safe to drink rainwater?
The short answer is:
sometimes.
Here's a look at when it's
not safe to drink rainwater, when you can drink it, and what you can do to make
it safer for human consumption.
WHEN YOU SHOULDN'T DRINK RAIN WATER
Rain passes through the atmosphere before falling to the ground,
so it can pick up any contaminants in the air.
You don't want to drink rain
from hot radioactive sites, like Chernobyl or around Fukushima.
It's not a great idea to drink rain water falling near chemical
plants or near the plumes of power plants, paper mills, etc.
Don't
drink rainwater that has run off of plants or buildings because you could pick
up toxic chemicals from these surfaces.
Similarly,
don't collect rainwater from puddles or into dirty containers.
RAIN WATER THAT IS SAFE FOR DRINKING
Most rainwater is safe to drink.
Actually, rain water is the
water supply for much of the world's population.
The levels of pollution,
pollen, mold, and other contaminants are low -- possibly lower than your public
drinking water supply.
Keep in mind, rain does pick
up low levels of bacteria as well as dust and occasional insect parts, so you
may want to treat rainwater before drinking it.
MAKING RAIN WATER SAFER
Two key steps you can take to improve the quality of rainwater
are to boil it and filter it. Boiling the water will kill off pathogens.
Filtration, such as through a home water filtration pitcher,
will remove chemicals, dust, pollen, mold, and other contaminants.
The other important
consideration is how you collect the rain water.
You can collect rainwater
directly from the sky into a clean bucket or bowl.
Ideally, use a
disinfected container or one that was run through a dishwasher.
Let the rain water sit for at least an hour so heavy
particulates can settle to the bottom.
Alternatively,
you can run the water through a coffee filter to remove debris.
Although
it isn't necessary, refrigerating the rain water will retard the growth of most
microorganisms it could contain.
WHAT ABOUT ACID RAIN?
Most rainwater is naturally acidic, with an average ph around
5.6, from the interaction between water and carbon dioxide in the air.
This is not dangerous. In
fact, drinking water rarely has a neutral pH because it contains dissolved
minerals.
Approved public water could
be acidic, neutral, or basic, depending on the source of the water.
To put the pH into
perspective, coffee made with neutral water has a pH around 5.
Orange juice has a pH closer
to 4.
The truly acidic rain that
you would avoid drinking might fall around an active volcano.
Otherwise, acid rain isn't a
serious consideration.
ANNE MARIE HELMENSTINE, PH.D. is an author and consultant with a broad scientific and medical
background.
EXPERIENCE
Anne has taught chemistry, biology, and physics at the high school,
college, and graduate level. In her doctoral work, Anne developed
ultra-sensitive chemical detection and medical diagnostic tests. She has worked
abstracting/indexing diverse scientific literature for the Department of
Energy. She presently works as a freelance writer and scientific consultant. She
enjoys adapting lab-based science projects so that they can be performed safely
at home.
EDUCATION
Dr. Helmenstine has bachelor of arts degrees in physics and
mathematics with a minor in chemistry from Hastings College in Nebraska and a
doctorate of philosophy in biomedical sciences from the University of Tennessee
at Knoxville.
Chemistry is part of everyone's life, from cooking and cleaning to the
latest computer chip technology and vaccine development. It doesn't have to be
intimidating and it doesn't have to be hard to understand.
You can read more about Anne's current and past work on her Google
Profile: Anne
Helmenstine. Find Anne's printable periodic tables and science
projects at Science
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