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Bitumen
What Is Bitumen And Its Uses
Daily Civil
Bitumen is the binding material present in
asphalt. Sometimes it is also known as mineral tar.
Bitumen is produced by partial distillation
of crude petroleum.
It is chemically a hydrocarbon and insoluble
in water. But it totally dissolves in alkalies, alkaline carbonates, benzol,
chloroform, bisulphide, naptha, coal tar, petroleum spirit and oil of
turpentine.
It is obtained from 87% carbon, 11% hydrogen
and 2% oxygen (By weight). The bitumen is produced in solid or semi-solid state
and black or brown in color.
Forms Of Bitumen:
The general forms of bitumen are as following
1. Bitumen Emulsion:
It is a liquid compound which contains a
large amount of bitumen in aqueous medium. It is suspended by some appropriate
stabilizing agents in the aqueous medium.
2. Cut-back Bitumen:
This form of bitumen is produced by fluxing
asphaltic bitumen in presence of some liquid distillates of petroleum or coal
tar. Cut-back bitumen can be used as bitumen paint in cold.
3. Blown Bitumen:
It is a special form of bitumen produced by
passing air under pressure at a higher temperature. This type of bitumen can be
used as heat insulating material, roofing and damp-proofing felts, producing
asphalt pipe and joint fillers etc.
4. Plastic Bitumen:
It comprises of bitumen thinner and
appropriate inert filler (40%-45%). Plastic bitumen can be used for filling
cracks in masonry structures, stopping leakages etc.
5. Straight run Bitumen:
This type of bitumen is obtained by
distillation of the bitumen to a definite viscosity or penetration without
further treatment:
Application Of Bitumen:
Road Construction.
Hydraulics & erosion control Catchment
areas, basins.
Dam groutings,
Dam linings,
Embankment protection
Dam linings,
Embankment protection
Ditch linings, Reservoir linings
Reservoir linings
Jetties, Dyke protection
Dyke protection
Swimming pools
Waste ponds
Water barriers
Mattresses for levee & bank protection
Membrane linings,
Waterproofing
Revetments
Sand dune stabilization,
Drainage gutters,
Backed felts
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