Friday, January 29, 2021

THE LAW OF CONSERVATION OF ENERGY - Energy is neither created nor destroyed - The law of conservation of energy is a physical law that states energy cannot be created or destroyed but may be changed from one form to another. Another way of stating this law of chemistry is to say the total energy of an isolated system remains constant or is conserved within a given frame of reference. In classical mechanics, conservation of mass and conversation of energy are considered to be two separate laws. However, in special relativity, matter may be converted into energy and vice versa, according to the famous equation E = mc2. Thus, it's more appropriate to say mass-energy is conserved. One interesting consequence of the law of conservation of energy is that it means perpetual motion machines of the first kind are not possible. In other words, a system must have an external power supply to continuously deliver unlimited energy to its surroundings. It's also worth noting that it's not always possible to define conservation of energy because not all systems have time translation symmetry. For example, conservation of energy may not be defined for time crystals or for curved space times. If a stick of dynamite explodes, for example, the chemical energy contained within the dynamite changes into kinetic energy, heat, and light. If all this energy is added together, it will equal the starting chemical energy value. The law of conservation of energy is a physical law that states energy cannot be created or destroyed but may be changed from one form to another. Another way of stating this law of chemistry is to say the total energy of an isolated system remains constant or is conserved within a given frame of reference.

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The Law of Conservation of Energy Defined

Energy is neither created nor destroyed

By Anne Marie Helmenstine, Ph.D.

 

 

The law of conservation of energy is a physical law that states energy cannot be created or destroyed but may be changed from one form to another.

Another way of stating this law of chemistry is to say the total energy of an isolated system remains constant or is conserved within a given frame of reference.

In classical mechanics, conservation of mass and conversation of energy are considered to be two separate laws.

However, in special relativity, matter may be converted into energy and vice versa, according to the famous equation E = mc2.

Thus, it's more appropriate to say mass-energy is conserved.

Example of Conservation of Energy

If a stick of dynamite explodes, for example, the chemical energy contained within the dynamite changes into kinetic energy, heat, and light.

If all this energy is added together, it will equal the starting chemical energy value.

Consequence of Conservation of Energy

One interesting consequence of the law of conservation of energy is that it means perpetual motion machines of the first kind are not possible.

In other words, a system must have an external power supply to continuously deliver unlimited energy to its surroundings.

It's also worth noting that it's not always possible to define conservation of energy because not all systems have time translation symmetry.

For example, conservation of energy may not be defined for time crystals or for curved space times.

Anne Marie Helmenstine, Ph.D.

Chemistry Expert

Education

Ph.D., Biomedical Sciences, University of Tennessee at Knoxville

B.A., Physics and Mathematics, Hastings College

Introduction

Ph.D. in biomedical sciences from the University of Tennessee at Knoxville - Oak Ridge National Laboratory.

Science educator with experience teaching chemistry, biology, astronomy, and physics at the high school, college, and graduate levels.

ThoughtCo and About Education chemistry expert since 2001.

Widely-published graphic artist, responsible for printable periodic tables and other illustrations used in science.

Experience

Anne Helmenstine, Ph.D. has covered chemistry for ThoughtCo and About Education since 2001, and other sciences since 2013. She taught chemistry, biology, astronomy, and physics at the high school, college, and graduate levels. She has worked as a research scientist and also abstracting and indexing diverse scientific literature for the Department of Energy.

In addition to her work as a science writer, Dr. Helmenstine currently serves as a scientific consultant, specializing in problems requiring an interdisciplinary approach. Previously, she worked as a research scientist and college professor.

Education

Dr. Helmenstine holds a Ph.D. in biomedical sciences from the University of Tennessee at Knoxville and a B.A. in physics and mathematics with a minor in chemistry from Hastings College. In her doctoral work, Dr. Helmenstine developed ultra-sensitive chemical detection and medical diagnostic tests.

ThoughtCo and Dotdash

ThoughtCo is a premier reference site focusing on expert-created education content. We are one of the top-10 information sites in the world as rated by comScore, a leading Internet measurement company. Every month, more than 13 million readers seek answers to their questions on ThoughtCo.

For more than 20 years, Dotdash brands have been helping people find answers, solve problems, and get inspired. We are one of the top-20 largest content publishers on the Internet according to comScore, and reach more than 30% of the U.S. population monthly. Our brands collectively have won more than 20 industry awards in the last year alone, and recently Dotdash was named Publisher of the Year by Digiday, a leading industry publication.

https://www.thoughtco.com/law-of-conservation-of-energy-605849


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