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Hitting the
Wall
How Hitting the
Wall Works
.
Proper training can help you get
past the wall. This is where mental toughness, positive thinking and experience
come into play. Your brain's sole fuel is glycogen. Without it, your
concentration fades. It's a perfect storm of mental and emotional trouble. But
you don't have to yield to it. Focus on the race, what's happening in your body
and ways you might adapt. Repeat positive, self-affirming statements to
yourself. It's better to say "I am strong and I always finish." Such
mental "tricks" are not truly magic, of course. Positive internal
dialogue needs to be practiced during training until it becomes habit. Such
habits can have a huge influence on the body - some of the best racers succeed
by acting and believing in the opposite of what their body is telling them. Experience
can also lessen the shock of hitting the wall.
BY KEVIN
P. ALLEN
All in all, he's just another brick in the wall. But if he follows the tips offered here, he'll be finishing the race in style next time.
All
in all, he's just another brick in the wall. But if he follows the tips offered
here, he'll be finishing the race in style next time.
Stories
of marathoners hitting the wall conjure up images of an ominous structure that
appears out of nowhere, as if by some unforeseen and certainly not benevolent
power.
Countless
numbers of runners can attest to the existence of the invisible obstacle and to
its humbling potential,.
Hitting
the wall, at its core, could just as aptly be called glycogen depletion onset.
It's
less graphic, but more scientifically accurate.
Glycogen
is a variety of glucose that the body stores to produce energy.
Think
of it as the fuel for your body's engine. Your muscles need it, and your brain
thrives on it.
Unfortunately,
there is a limited supply of glycogen that your muscles and liver can stockpile
-- about 2,000 calories to be exact.
The
average runner burns approximately 100 calories per mile.
It's
no coincidence that many endurance athletes describe hitting the wall at the
20-mile mark of the marathon.
That's
the point at which 2,000 calories of glycogen fuel have been exhausted, resulting
in an overwhelming feeling of heaviness in the legs, a lack of concentration
and even feelings of outright despair.
But
the wall is not an unavoidable obstacle.
It
is entirely possible, and in fact likely, that a properly trained marathoner
who has strategized and races intelligently can cross the finish line without
even glimpsing the mythical beast.
In
this article we'll tell you how you can avoid hitting the wall and give you
tips for getting past it if you do encounter it on your way to 26.2.
How to Avoid Hitting the Wall
Glycogen
is your body's most readily available form of fuel, but, fortunately for
long-distance runners, it's not their only fuel.
Your
body can also convert fat into energy, and even the slimmest of runners store
enough body fat to cover approximately 600 miles -- the equivalent of nearly 29
marathons!
The
problem is, fat requires oxygen to burn, and if you're running at a good clip,
you are said to be running anaerobically, which means "in the absence of
oxygen."
Anaerobic
running also increases the amount of waste products in your blood, leading to a
burning sensation in the muscles.
So,
what's an aspiring marathoner who wants to run her fastest possible race to do?
Former
world-record-holding marathoner Juma Ikangaa once said, "The will to win means nothing without the will to prepare."
Show
up at a race fueled by Hollywood hype and inadequate training, and you're
asking for trouble.
You'll
run anaerobically, exhaust your body's glycogen reserves and discover that your
day has followed a humiliating script that no director would think of putting
on the silver screen, save as a comedy.
But
with consistent running over a period of weeks and months, you'll become winded
less-easily.
Your
anaerobic threshold -- the point at which your body draws its energy from
non-oxygenated sources like glucose -- will be pushed back.
You'll
be able to run farther and faster and burn a mixture of glycogen and fat.
Be
advised, however, that even the fittest of athletes can make the mistake of
letting their adrenaline dictate an unrealistic pace.
Race
day emotions, not to mention cheering crowds and competition, can cause a
regional champion to think he can run with the international stars.
If
that pace is considerably faster than he encountered in training, he will
likely come face to face with a large, brick structure that only he sees at
mile 20 -- if not before.
Proper
nutrition prior to and during the race is also key.
An
adequate, though not overindulgent, pre-race breakfast high in carbohydrates is
ideal because carbs can be burned aerobically or anaerobically. Energy gels and
drinks, which are also high in carbohydrates, can be taken approximately every
45 minutes during the marathon to top off your energy stores and stave off
depletion longer.
You'll
want to experiment in training with what agrees with your stomach -- some
runners find that particular mixtures create nausea and even vomiting.
HILLS ARE YOUR
FRIENDS
A
course with rolling terrain can actually help you avoid hitting the wall.
Glycogen
cannot be shared between muscles, so using different leg muscles on inclines
and declines -- as opposed to a completely flat course -- gives your body a
chance to pull glycogen from a variety of locations.
Tips for Getting
Past the Wall
Proper
training can help you get past the wall.
Suppose
you've trained sufficiently, given yourself the proper nutrition, and yet you
still hit the wall. How do you get past it?
This
is where mental toughness, positive thinking and experience come into play.
There's
a risk involved with getting better at marathoning.
If your competition
begins to pull away from you at a critical juncture in a race, you can't simply
yell, "Excuse me, but I don't want
to over-exert myself and hit the wall!"
Even
if you're simply racing yourself and the clock -- perhaps you want to attain a
Boston Marathon qualifying time -- you may have to run anaerobically for a
longer-than-ideal period of time.
It's
a gamble that sometimes pays off and sometimes doesn't.
Bill Rodgers, who
won the Boston Marathon four times, once remarked, "If you want to win a race you have to go a little berserk."
He also said, "The marathon can humble you."
Your
brain's sole fuel is glycogen. Without it, your concentration fades.
Glycogen
depletion also causes your body to produce more of the neurotransmitter
serotonin, which can make you feel tired.
To
make matters worse, the feel-good chemical dopamine -- responsible for
excitement and motivation -- drops.
It's a perfect storm of mental and emotional trouble. But you don't have to yield to it.
Rather
than daydream or think about places you'd rather be at the moment (a
dissociative strategy), sports psychologists recommend staying in the present
and using an associative strategy.
Focus
on the race, what's happening in your body and ways you might adapt.
Ask yourself, "Have I had an energy drink or
nutrition lately?" and "Can
I vary my pace slightly?"
You
may discover that your decreased mental awareness has caused you to overlook an
important physical key to overcoming the very problem you face.
Your
internal dialogue is extremely valuable. Repeat positive, self-affirming
statements to yourself.
Olympic
coach Bobby McGee also stresses to his runners that the subconscious does not
judge, so you must avoid using words like "not."
If, for example,
you repeat the phrase "I am not weak
and I do not quit" your subconscious will only preserve the heart of
the message which is "I am weak and
I quit."
It's better to say "I am strong and I always finish."
Such
mental "tricks" are not truly magic, of course. Positive internal
dialogue needs to be practiced during training until it becomes habit.
Such
habits can have a huge influence on the body.
McGee
says some of the best racers succeed by acting and believing in the opposite of
what their body is telling them.
They "fake it 'til they make it," says
McGee.
Experience
can also lessen the shock of hitting the wall.
If
you've been through it in training or previous races, you're less likely to
succumb to it.
As
humbling and physically challenging as it can be, it is only temporary.
That intrinsic knowledge alone can be enough to get you to the finish line and emerge from the shadow of the wall.
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https://adventure.howstuffworks.com/outdoor-activities/running/training/hitting-the-wall.htm
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