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Gear
Pumps
What is Gear Pump and how does it work?
Vikas Shukla
The gear
pump is one of the most important pumps.
These
types of pumps have gears in it which have the ability to provide pressure
energy to the fluid in the pumps.
In simple
words, we can say that the gear pumps transfer the fluids from one part to
another using gear mechanism.
If the
pressure of the system remains the same then they will provide you with the fix
flow rate also.
So, What
is a Gear Pump?
The Gear
Pumps are basically positive displacement rotary pumps which helps you to
transfer liquid or fluid by using its gears.
The Gear
pumps are the high-pressure pumps which come in small sizes to provide a
pulseless as well as stable fluid flows as compared to other pumps like
peristaltic and diaphragm pumps.
There are
many other advantages of the Gear pumps which are better than other pumps like
it is a self-priming pump, can pump high viscosity fluids, user-friendly pump
as it is easy to operate and to maintain as well.
Working
of a Gear Pump:
The Gear
Pumps find their application in engine and transmission box of the slow speed
engines as well as in oil transfer and combustion systems.
With the
help of gears, fluid displacement is possible in the Gear pumps.
The fluid
comes from the inlet port and after that reaches to the different parts of the
Gear pump like spaces between the gear teeth and pump housing.
These
pumps used rotating mechanism for contracting and expanding the chambers.
The
rotating assembly of gears will help you to create suction in the inlet of the
pump to draw the fluid.
A
pressure builds once fluid starts moving from inlet to outlet and with this the
volume also decreases.
There are
pressure relief valves which protect the pumping system from the gear pumps.
The size
of volume between teeth of the gear, amount of reverse flow and the speed of
the rotation per minute is used to regulate the flow of gear pumps.
To keep
your pump maintenance free it is necessary to check the spring of relief valve,
meshing clearance between teethes and casing of the pumps.
Types of
Gear Pumps:
The Gear
pumps are available in two types:
One is
External Gear pump and the other is Internal Gear Pump.
Let’s
discuss the difference between internal and external Gear pumps below:
External
Gear Pumps:
These
types of pumps are not so costly and are easy to operate.
You can
find them in various machine tools, an oil pump of the engine and fluid power
transfer units. To generate the flow these pumps used two gears with external
cut teeth.
Features
of External Gear Pump:
o They are
compact in size and comes with an easy design
o They are
capable enough to deliver high capacities due to their large outlets.
o It is
capable of managing low, medium or high pressure
o On both
sides of gears, it has close tolerances and shaft support.
Internal
Gear Pumps:
In an
internal gear pump, the rotor supports on one or two bearing and the design of
the pump is bulky that makes it inefficient to work on high specification
models.
The
pumping capacity of the internal gear pump is less in comparison to the
external fear pumps.
These
gear pumps are highly versatile and can handle fluids having high viscosity at
stable speeds.
Features
of Internal Gear Pump:
o It can be
run dry for a short period
o This pump
has a bulky and large footprint
o The
requirement of NPSH is very low
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